๋ณธ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ
AI/First Principles of Computer Vision

[Overview] Image Formation

by coderSohyun 2024. 4. 6.

Image Formation

: Projection of 3D scene onto 2D plane

: scene๊ณผ image๊ฐ„์˜ geometric and photometric relation์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ 

- geometric : scene์˜ ํ•œ point๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ, image์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜๋Š”์ง€์˜ ๊ด€์ 

- photometric : scene์˜ brightness์™€ apearance๊ฐ€ image์—์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜๋Š”์ง€์˜ ๊ด€์  

 

Topics : 

(1) Pinhole and Perspective Projection 

- ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ด ๋˜๋Š”, ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธด pinhole ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Œ

- ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์žฅ์ ๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ (can produce great clarity) ๋น›์„ ๋ชจ์œผ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ → ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ lens๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•จ

(2) Image formation using Lenses

- Len๋“ค์˜ ์†์„ฑ๋“ค๊ณผ ํŠน์ง•์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ๋ฐ, ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Œ. 

(3) Lens Related Issues

- Lens๊ฐ€ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„, geometric aberrations and produce distortions ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Œ

- ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ Lens์˜ ํŠน์ง•์ด image์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€, ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Œ 

(4) Wide Angle Cameras

- unusually large fields of view (ex. hemispherical field of view)

- ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ perspective projection์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„,

์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด Lens๋ฅผ ๋””์ž์ธํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž„ → able to capture very large fields of view, combinations of mirrors and lenses

(5) Animal Eyes